Food is
vital for survival, yet less than 2 percent of America's population works in
agriculture. That's a big change from 100 years ago, when over 40 percent of
the workforce was toiling away on the farm. If I had been born at the start of
the 20th century in Kansas, rather than at the end of the 1950s, no doubt my
life would have been spent on the farm.
Agriculture
was labor-intensive then, requiring plenty of strong backs, human and animal
alike. In addition to nearly half the human workforce, 22 million animals
worked the fields. Now 5 million tractors and a dazzling array of farm
implements do the work of thousands. Farms have become more productive and specialized.
And the number of farms has plunged, while the average-sized farm has
quadrupled.
According
to the USDA's website, in 1945 it took 14 labor hours to produce 100 bushels of
corn on two acres. By 1987, it only took 3 labor hours and one acre to produce
the same amount. Now, it takes less than an acre.
We have a wider array of food available to us than
ever before. Created by fewer people. The division of labor continues to work
wonders. Thank goodness we're not all stuck on the farm. According to the
occupational employment numbers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 419,200
were employed in the farming, fishing, and forestry occupations in May of 2009.
The same
May 2009 report listed 8,488,740 people employed in education, training, and
library occupations. So more than 20 times more people are needed to educate a
small portion of the population than to grow food for everyone. But what about
serving the food? Yes, food-preparation and food-serving occupations totaled
11,218,260 employees, serving the entire population of over 308 million.
Meanwhile,
it takes more than 8 million to educate the 81.5 million that are enrolled in
school. History and technology would say this surely can't last. A proud father
recently told me of quizzing his kids about scurvy. And while his young
daughter gamely took a wild guess, his crafty teenage son ducked into the next
room to google it, quickly emerging to give the correct answer that the disease
that killed so many centuries ago is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.
What
schooling is for many is a 12- or 16-year sentence wherein young people are
penned up, talked at, cajoled, quizzed, and tested, for the most part on facts
and figures that can now be retrieved in seconds with a handheld device.
The
budget for education in the United States was $972 billion in 2007, according
to the 2009 Statistical Abstract of the United States —
all of this money and all of these people for the promise that a life of
employment success follows. Just as buying a house was the surest of
investments, investing in an education is thought to be a sure bet. But the
housing bubble has popped, and the education bubble is afloat, looking for a
needle, according to PayPal founder and Facebook investor Peter Thiel.
"A
true bubble is when something is overvalued and intensely believed," says
Thiel. "Education may be the only thing people still believe in in the
United States. To question education is really dangerous. It is the absolute
taboo. It's like telling the world there's no Santa Claus."
In
an article for TechCrunch, Sarah Lacy accentuates Thiel's
point, writing, "Like the housing bubble, the education bubble is about
security and insurance against the future. Both whisper a seductive promise
into the ears of worried Americans: Do this
and you will be safe."
As home
buyers leveraged up to buy McMansions in the housing boom, parents and students
are borrowing thousands, and in some cases hundreds of thousands, for degrees
from big- (and small-) name universities, with the idea that when they come out
the other side, with diploma in hand, the employment world is their oyster.
Other
than the connections one makes at the Ivy League school, or Stanford, or
Whatever State U, what's the point? Years of lost productivity, mountains of
debt, and a piece of paper that likely has nothing to do with the job skills
needed for this century.
Community-college
English instructor Professor X is haunted by the similarities between the
housing and education bubbles. In his book, entitled In the Basement of the Ivory
Tower: Confessions of an Accidental Academic, X writes, "I, who
fell victim to the original pyramid scheme of real estate … have used the
educational pyramid scheme, the redefining of who college students are, for my
own salvation."
Thiel and
Founders Fund managing partner Luke Nosek have decided to pluck 20 talented
teens out of the college quicksand and pay them $100,000 each over two years to
start companies rather than sit through lectures, go to football games, and
pile up student-loan debt. Thiel calls it "stopping out of school."
Great things will come from these "20 under 20." But for the rest of the millions left on campus — and in grade and high schools — few are learning to think and write, while all are gaining the highest self-esteem in the world.
This is the information age, yet the ability to
communicate is not being taught, or not sinking in. College English instructor
Kara Miller wrote on Boston.com that few of her students had received writing
instruction in high school, and that correcting student papers was so time
consuming that the task was virtually overwhelming. She quotes Vartan
Gregorian, the former president of Brown University, who rightly understands that
"the ability to read, comprehend, and write — in other words, to organize
information into knowledge — must be viewed as tantamount to a survival
skill."
In a
piece questioning the need for colleges offering majors in business, David
Glenn writes that
employers are looking for "22-year-olds who can write coherently, think
creatively and analyze quantitative data, and they're perfectly happy to hire
English or biology majors."
Yes,
the facts and figures are a click away. The ability to use, understand, and
communicate those facts is what must be taught and currently is not. And it
doesn't take an army of 8 million and a budget of 1 trillion dollars and
counting to do it.
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