Sunday, March 31, 2013

Jeroen Dijsselbloem, eurozone reformer

The Dutch finance minister is shaking up crisis policy
By Matt Steinglass and Peter Spiegel
No one expected the new Dutch finance minister to be a source of excitement. “Boring and responsible” was the prescription offered by one senior Labour party MP during coalition negotiations late last year – and he was the person who ended up getting the job: Jeroen Dijsselbloem.
The reality has been somewhat different. Five months on Mr Dijsselbloem has ignored his job description in some style. With a few ill-considered comments about who should take losses when banks fail, the man who also heads the eurogroup – the political body of Europe’s single currency – killed his reputation for being boring.
His remarks signalled a sea change. Whereas earlier in the eurozone crisis it was largely government money that paid for rescues in countries such as Ireland and Spain, the approach in the latest trouble-spot – Cyprus – was a sign of things to come, Mr Dijsselbloem said. Now private investors, including senior bond holders and even uninsured depositors, would foot the bill in what would be the new norm in eurozone crisis management. “Now that the crisis seems to fade out,” he argued, “I think we have to dare a little more in dealing with this.”
His words spooked markets. But for those who had watched his career, such bluntness is no surprise. The former agricultural economist with tight-pressed lips and a sharp, forbidding manner – he once received a text message from his party leader ordering him to smile more in interviews – has always been most comfortable playing the stern reformer.
“The Dutch have a long reputation for being blunt and open, and Dijsselbloem is a classic example,” says Boris van der Ham, a former MP from the D66 party. “With him in Brussels, it’s a bit of a culture clash, as if you have a room full of people drinking wine and suddenly here comes somebody who drinks milk.”
Mr Dijsselbloem’s steadfast manner was nurtured in Eindhoven, an industrial city in the southern Netherlands where he was born 47 years ago to an apolitical teacher couple. His interest in politics began in 1983, spurred by the mass protests against US cruise missiles that drew hundreds of thousands of Dutch youth into leftwing movements.
After his studies at the university of Wageningen, a small town in the central Netherlands where he still lives with his partner and their two teenage children, he had a series of jobs in agricultural policy before moving into politics.
His first term in parliament in 2000 was unremarkable, but he started to show an unorthodox streak in his second term, when he joined the so-called “red engineers” campaign. Along with two other MPs, including Diederik Samsom, now Labour’s leader, he donned scarlet overalls to criticise their party for having lost touch with its base.
He later led a parliamentary commission that issued a report blasting educational reforms, mostly designed by Labour governments. “He didn’t try to soften the report at all,” said Mr van der Ham, who worked on the report. “He prefers to rip off the bandage all at once.”
Gradually, he also revealed himself as a bit of an old-fashioned moralist, calling for stricter assimilation measures, and launching a crusade against nudity and violence in video games.
His move to higher political office was thanks in part to his old “red engineer” friend Mr Samsom who, in coalition talks with the Liberal prime minister, Mark Rutte, made it clear he wanted his lieutenant to be the new finance minister.
From the start, Mr Dijsselbloem emphasised his commitment to fiscal discipline – again cutting against the grain of expectations for a social democrat. This helped earn the trust of Germany, the Netherlands’ ally in eurozone politics, which became a key consideration when Jean-Claude Juncker’s term as eurogroup president expired last year.
Although some finance ministers from bailout countries were judged technically capable, they were excluded from the start. The German and French ministers cancelled each other out, leaving Mr Dijsselbloem as the surprise default choice.
He has not had an easy start. French officials resisted his selection until the last moment. The Spanish abstained, a potentially ominous sign of a rift between north and south. Mr Dijsselbloem deflects talk of such a division by highlighting his own country’s failings: while Spain battles a mountain of housing debt, so does the Netherlands; just as Lisbon is struggling to hit deficit targets, so is The Hague.
“I’m pretty new at this eurogroup thing. When I came to it, I thought it was all about north and south: the north were doing OK, the south was in trouble, and the north was more or less imposing the measures and the programmes on the south,” he admits.
But in the crucial Cyprus talks, he insists Madrid, Lisbon, Rome and particularly Paris were all agreed on the need to shrink the banking system. “The north-south thing is really a superficial analysis,” he said.
Still, Mr Dijsselbloem’s lack of diplomatic tact has left some commentators unexpectedly nostalgic for the politically adept Mr Juncker. However, senior officials who have worked with both insist that not all the comparisons are favourable to Mr Juncker. Mr Dijsselbloem is said to run a tight ship, pushing through agenda items and forging consensus in ways the occasionally desultory Mr Juncker often did not. And while Mr Juncker was the subject of thinly veiled contempt in Paris and Berlin, Mr Dijsselbloem has quickly earned trust in both capitals.
It is that support in Berlin – the first and most important capital to back him for the eurogroup job – that makes his position secure whatever controversy he has courted. Foisting the burden of bailouts on private investors has been a priority for Berlin since the first Greek rescue, in May 2010, only to be blocked by Paris and the European Central Bank. In Mr Dijsselbloem, they now have a kindred spirit.


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